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Complete Dutch Grammar (Explained in English)

What is the Past Participle?

The past participle (voltooid deelwoord) is a form of the verb used in sentences to indicate completed actions. In Dutch, strong verbs ( sterke werkwoorden) have unique patterns for forming their past participles.

How to Form the Past Participle of Strong Verbs

  • Strong verbs change their stem vowel and often end with ‘-en’ or ‘-ten’.

Examples of Strong Verbs

Base Form Past Participle
geven gegeven (given)
zien gezien (seen)
komen gekomen (come)
zwemmen gezwommen (swum)

Using the Past Participle

We use the past participle with the auxiliary verb

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